Ufacturing, the material is exposed to a temperature of 195 C for lengthy periods inside the printing chamber. For these reasons, temperatures of 210 C, 225 C, and 240 C have been selected as annealing temperatures. Thermal annealing of Ultem samples was performed at the set temperature for 30 min in an electric furnace from PF-06873600 Technical Information Hobersal, preheated prior to introducing the samples. After the remedy was completed, cooling was performed at a continuous price of 1.5 C in-1 until it reached a temperature of 150 C to minimize thermal stresses. Then, the cooling price was enhanced to eight C in-1 till area temperature. 2.4. Mechanical Post-Processing two.4.1. Ball Burnishing Ball burnishing is actually a finishing operation according to the plastic deformation of a workpiece’s surface through the application of a challenging, hugely polished ball subjected to a continuous external force. Ball burnishing of Ultem specimens was conducted having a burnishing tool developed to become coupled to a CNC milling machine. This tool has an innerspring, the stiffness of which determines the selection of ball burnishing forces exerted by a ten mm chrome-hardened steel ball. The process was produced following the process described within a preceding publication [43] employing the optimal configuration of a force of 400 N, ten passes in the tool, a lateral path width of 0.32 mm, as well as a forward speed of 2000 mm in-1 . Samples have been ball burnished on the leading side. two.4.two. Abrasive Shot Blasting Shot blasting is really a cold surface therapy that involves projecting beads around the workpiece to transform its surface state, causing plastic deformation to prepare the surface for subsequent processes for instance applying a coating layer. In the present study, shot blasting was performed within a manually operated pressure-controlled sandblasting cabinet. The working stress was set at 5 bar, and samples were individually blasted for 10 to 20 s,Materials 2021, 14,five ofusing either a mix of spherical glass beads (one hundred to 850 ) or white Nimbolide Autophagy corundum (220 to 36 FEPA (Federation of European Producers of Abrasives) grit, or about 53 to 500 ). The angle of incidence was kept between 75 and 90 . 2.4.three. Shot Peening The approach of shot peening resembles abrasive shot blasting but uses metallic beads to treat the surface from the samples. Inside the present case, a compact hole was drilled at 1 finish from the samples to facilitate their hanging on a rotary unit and enabling the shot peening course of action in an automated chamber. Spherical stainless-steel beads with diameters ranging from 0.two to 0.three mm have been propelled in the samples working with a 2500 rpm turbine functioning at a pressure of five bar for the duration of a total treatment time of ten min. A summary of your post-processing approaches and experimental conditions applied within the present study may be located in Table 1.Table 1. Post-processing approaches and procedures applied to Ultem pieces. Post-Processing Technique Vapor smoothing Fixed Experimental Situations Solvent: Chloroform vapors Temperature: ambient laboratory situations Solvent: equivolumetric mixture of 1,4-dioxane and toluene Temperature: ambient laboratory conditions Constant agitation applying a magnetic stirrer Exposure time: four h Preheating on the furnace before the introduction from the samples Exposure time at the set temperature: 30 min Cooling price: 1.5 C in-1 till 150 C, 8 C in-1 till area temperature Ball burnishing force: 400 N Number of passes of your tool: ten Lateral path width: 0.32 mm Forward speed: 2000 mm in-1 Stress: 5 bar Treatment time: 100 s Spherical stainless-.